[102] This was the first capture of a Union passenger train in the war. After the attack, one of Anderson's guerrillas scalped a dead militiaman. Copyright20062023,Somerightsreserved. A wide-brimmed slouch hat was the headgear of choice. Anderson retreated into the lobby of the town hotel to drink and rest. Official Records of the American Civil War, "Sideshow no longer: A historiographical review of the guerrilla war", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_T._Anderson&oldid=1137633714, People of Missouri in the American Civil War, People with sadistic personality disorder, Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Use shortened footnotes from November 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 17:50. Posted on 19th March 2021. [89] In mid-September, Union soldiers ambushed two of Anderson's parties traveling through Howard County, killing five men in one day. [66][67] In the letters, Anderson took an arrogant and threatening yet playful tone, boasting of his attacks. They acquired arms where they could, including taking what was left behind on the battlefield. If they were caught, Federals considered them criminals not prisoners of war. There he met Baker, who temporarily placated him by providing a lawyer. Two Confederate soldiers carrying double-barreled shotguns, a favorite weapon early in the Civil War. [37] Castel and Goodrich maintain that by then killing had become more than a means to an end for Anderson: it became an end in itself. However, he was quickly released owing to a problem with the warrant, and fled to Agnes City, fearing he would be lynched. [115] The attack led to a near-complete halt in rail traffic in the area and a dramatic increase in Union rail security. . While they were confined, the building collapsed, killing one of Anderson's sisters. 11, an evacuation order that evicted almost 20,000 people from four counties in rural western Missouri and burned many of their homes. Many bushwhackers wore a distinctive shirt, such as this one on T.F. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. Their move to Kansas was likely for economic rather than political reasons. You may have your own list of heartless maniacal killers. [15] The Anderson brothers escaped, but Baker was captured and spent four months in prison before returning to Kansas, professing loyalty to the Union. These "guerrilla shirts" were pullovers with a deep v-neckline and four large pockets. I have also read it was several Cavalry troopers, but that is another story. Date Posted: 8/12/2009 1:51:23 PM. [117] However, Frank James, who participated in the attack, later defended the guerrillas' actions, arguing that the federal troops were marching under a black flag, indicating that they intended to show no mercy. Confederate leaders were unsure about guerrillas. Serving in the US Marine Corps in WW II, he earned a battlefield commission and decorations for valor at Guadalcanal. ; Battle of Albany Civil War Marker near Orrick, Mo. He was buried in a nearby fieldafter a soldier cut off one of his fingers to steal a ring. It could be interpreted that the bugler picked up a total of 6 pistols that belonged, possibly to the other men that fell with Anderson. [14] However, the group was attacked by the Union's 6th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry in Vernon County, Missouri;[e] the cavalry likely assumed they were Confederate guerrillas. eHistory website entry (Submitted on October 1, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.) Touch for map. He sees Anderson as obsessed with, and greatly enjoying, the ability to inflict fear and suffering in his victims, and suggests he suffered from the most severe type of sadistic personality disorder. [7][b] Animosity and violence between the two sides quickly developed in what was called Bleeding Kansas, but there was little unrest in the Council Grove area. [64] The next day, in southeast Jackson County, Anderson's group ambushed a wagon train carrying members of the Union 1st Northeast Missouri Cavalry, killing nine. [16] In May 1862, Judge Baker issued an arrest warrant for Griffith, whom Anderson helped hide. Although some men begged him to spare them, he persisted, only relenting when a woman pleaded with him not to torch her house. [47] The raiding party was pursued by Union forces but eventually managed to break contact with the soldiers and scatter into the Missouri woods. Anderson and his men dressed as Union soldiers, wearing uniforms taken from those they killed. Add to your list and mine, Bloody Bill Anderson for he was a ruthless, vicious killer. Location. They attacked the fort on October 6, but the 90 Union troops there quickly took refuge inside, suffering minimal losses. En route, some guerrillas robbed a Union supporter, but Anderson knew the man and reimbursed him. William T. Anderson (1840 - October 26, 1864), better known as Bloody Bill, was one of the deadliest and most brutal pro- Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War. He worked with his brother Jim, their friend Lee Griffith and several accomplices strung along the Santa Fe Trail. Some local citizens suspected the Anderson family was assisting Griffith and traveled to their house to confront the elder William Anderson. KANSAS CITY Ten women and girls, including three sisters born in Randolph County, were killed or seriously injured when a building owned by state Treasurer George Caleb Bingham . General Orders No. John Nichols, a bushwacker who operated in Johnson and Pettis Counties in 1862-1863, prior to his execution in Jefferson City, Missouri, October 30, 1863 In what became known as the Centralia Massacre, Anderson's bushwhackers killed 24 unarmed Union soldiers on the train and set an ambush later that day which killed over a hundred Union militiamen. It was Anderson's greatest victory, surpassing Lawrence and Baxter Springs in brutality and the number of casualties. They claimed to be fighting for the Confederacy, but in fact, their murdering and looting benefited only their pocketbooks. ; Battle of Albany Civil War Marker near Orrick, Mo. Quantrill and other guerrillas nonetheless sought and sometimes received formal Confederate commissions as partisan rangers. My 1888 Luscomb #b. After he returned to Council Grove he began horse trading, taking horses from towns in Kansas, transporting them to Missouri and returning with more horses. Usually a wife, sister, mother or sweetheart used ribbons, shells and needlework to create the ellaborately [sic] decorated shirts. and M.A. Cox stated that he went out & took one of Anderson's pistols along with money & a gold watch. Anderson suggested that they attack Fayette, Missouri, targeting the 9th Missouri Cavalry, which was based at the town. [99][100] As the guerrillas robbed the stagecoach passengers, a train arrived. William T. Anderson[a] (c. 1840 October 26, 1864), known by the nickname "Bloody Bill" Anderson, was a soldier who was one of the deadliest and most notorious Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War. The reason for the bloody raid that left nearly two hundred men dead and caused between $1 million and $1.5 million in damage (in 1863 dollars) is still the subject of speculation. Cartridge belts standard with up to 18 bullet loops in your [] [139][140] Anderson killed several other Union loyalists and some of his men returned to the wealthy resident's house to rape more of his female servants. Fucking legend. That being said,if you multiply 700 troops times 6 revolvers each, that comes to 4200 pistols. . [82] In late July, the Union military sent a force of 100 well-equipped soldiers and 650 other men after Anderson. TII Armory's James Tow says it's powerful enough to ethically take any game animal on the planet, including all the African Big 5. His family had been living in Council Grove, Territory of Kansas at the start of the war. 17 reviews The first-ever biography of the perpetrator of the Centralia and Baxter Springs Massacres, as well as innumerable atrocities during the Civil War in the West. Anderson's men mutilated the bodies, earning the guerrillas the description of "incarnate fiends" from the Columbia Missouri Statesman. A Note on Sources The cashier pulled a gun on him and James killed him in self-defence. Gen. Thomas Ewing issued General Orders No. Born in Randolph County, Missouri in 1839, William T. Anderson would, by his death on October 26, 1864, be known and feared throughout the Unionas "Bloody Bill" Anderson, a barbaric, pro-Confederateguerilla leader in the American Civil War. After a brief gunfight, Baker and his brother-in-law fled into the store's basement. The U.S. Government provided a veteran's tombstone for Anderson's grave in 1967. . The guerrillas heard that the cavalry was approaching,[110] and Anderson sent a party to set an ambush. Missouri's southern sympathizers hated Union Brig. Anderson was described as "nearly six feet tall, of rather swarthy complexion and had long, black hair, inclined to curl. 2, in March 1862, allowed Union troops in Missouri to hang guerillas as robbers and murder[er]s. Future orders followed the same tone. [8] After settling there, the Anderson family became friends with A.I. The .500 Bushwhacker is the biggest, baddest handgun cartridge in the world right now. Quantrill expelled him and warned him not to come back, and the man was fatally shot by some of Quantrill's men when he attempted to return. They opposed the Union army in Missouri for a variety of reasons. Union troops set his body up for public viewing and photos at the Richmond, Missouri courthouse. Gen. Henry Halleck. [10], In the late 1850s, Ellis Anderson fled to Iowa after killing a native American. [32], Quantrill's Raiders had an extensive support network in Missouri that provided them with numerous hiding places. The rapid rate of fire made the revolver perfect for the quick attacks executed by these men. [143] The victory made a hero of Cox and led to his promotion. Partisan Warfare in the American Civil War. Gen. Thomas C. Hindman was the head of the Confederate Army's Trans Mississippi Department in Little Rock, Ark. [153], Archie Clement led the guerrillas after Anderson's death, but the group splintered by mid-November. 3916.725N, 9358.603W. Marker is in Richmond, Missouri, in Ray County. After the robbery, the group was intercepted by a United States Marshal accompanied by a large posse,[28] about 150 miles (240km) from the KansasMissouri border. [11] He joined the freight shipping operation for which his father worked and was given a position known as "second boss" for a wagon trip to New Mexico. These regiments were composed of troops from out of state, who sometimes mistreated local residents, further motivating the guerrillas and their supporters. Often bushwhackers wore stolen Union uniforms as a disguise. During the American Civil War, the James family sided with the Confederates, and Frank and Jesse James joined a group of guerrillas, or . [21] Anderson and his gang subsequently traveled east of Jackson County, Missouri, avoiding territory where Quantrill operated and continuing to support themselves by robbery. [154] Most Confederate guerrillas had lost heart by then, owing to a cold winter and the simultaneous failure of General Price's 1864 invasion of Missouri, which ensured the state would remain securely under Union control for the rest of the war. One of the leading authorities on the Civil War in the western theater, Albert Edward Castel earned his B.A. He then ordered and conducted the massacre soldiers. [13] Anderson had told a neighbor that he sought to fight for financial reasons rather than out of loyalty to the Confederacy. . Gen. Henry Halleck. [101] Anderson's men quickly took control of the train, which included 23 off-duty, unarmed Union soldiers as passengers. An unusual event made a guerrilla out of William Anderson. As a general rule, bushwhackers would attack quickly and withdraw if. The Union troops took his body to Richmond, Mo. John Wallace (within shouting distance of this marker); Colonel Alexander W. Doniphan (within shouting distance of this marker); Ray County Bicentennial Memorial (about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); 1856 Courthouse Cornice Planter (about 300 feet away). Captains will be held responsible for the good conduct and efficiency of their men and will report to these headquarters from time to time. ; Battle of Lexington State Historic Site in Lexington, Mo. On this day during the Civil War in 1864, the notorious Confederate guerrilla leader William "Bloody Bill" Anderson was shot and killed. . [96] Although a large group of guerrillas was assembled, their leaders felt there were no promising targets to attack because all of the large towns nearby were heavily guarded. Bloody Bill was born in either 1838 or 1839 and moved to Kansas in the late 1850s. The next day, the 4th Missouri Volunteer Cavalry pursued them, but Anderson launched an ambush that killed seven Union soldiers. Born in the late 1830s, [21][f] William Quantrill, a Confederate guerrilla leader, later claimed to have encountered Reed's company in July and rebuked them for robbing Confederate sympathizers;[22] in their biography of Anderson, Albert Castel and Tom Goodrich speculate that this rebuke may have resulted in a deep resentment of Quantrill by Anderson. On July 30, Anderson and his men kidnapped the elderly father of the local Union militia's commanding officer. [158] He was later discussed in biographies of Quantrill, which typically cast Anderson as an inveterate murderer. If they were Bill's, he would have had 7 pistols on his person which to me is a little hard to believe. [50] Shortly after the initial assault, a larger group of Union troops approached Fort Blair, unaware the fort had been attacked and that the men they saw outside the fort dressed in Union uniforms were actually disguised guerrillas. Anderson and his companion "took a negro girl of 12 or 13 years old into . [42] The Provost Marshal of Kansas, a Union captain who commanded military police, surrendered to the guerrillas and Anderson took his uniform[43] (guerrillas often wore uniforms stolen from Union soldiers). The life of a guerrilla was difficult and violent. [144] Four other guerrillas were killed in the attack. They later fought under "Bloody Bill" Anderson . Union leaders branded bushwhackers as outlaws, issuing multiple orders to suppress guerilla activities. Bushwhacker activities in Missouri increased as a response to Federal occupation and increasingly brutal attacks and raids by Kansas soldiers, or jayhawkers. [46] They left town at 9:00am after a company of Union soldiers approached the town. . [136][137] Anderson indicated that he was particularly angry that the man had freed his slaves, then trampled him with a specially trained horse. A low-level conflict had already been raging in the Missouri-Kansas borderlands in the years preceding the outbreak of the Civil War. Anderson participated in Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas on August 21, 1863. . Many of Anderson's men also despised the Union, and he was adept at tapping into this emotion. Although Union supporters viewed him as incorrigibly evil, Confederate supporters in Missouri saw his actions as justifiable. A State Divided: The Civil War in Missouri. The Confederate guerilla died in battle on October 26, 1864. [1] There he robbed travelers and killed several Union soldiers. The tension between the two groups markedly increasedsome feared open warfare would resultbut by the time of the wedding, relations had improved. Note: Click on photos to get larger view. Handsome, rugged American leading man John Russell (whose credits are often confused with those of child actor Johnny Russell) attended the University of California, where he was a student athlete. For the American Revolutionary War loyalist, see, Anderson's middle name is unknown. [87] Although they forced the Union soldiers to flee, Anderson and Jesse James were injured in the encounter and the guerrillas retired to Boone County to rest. declared martial law in August 1861, giving Union forces broad powers to suppress those who resisted Union control. [104] Anderson forced the captured Union soldiers to form a line and announced that he would keep one for a prisoner exchange but would execute the rest. 100% heavyweight Gildan brand cotton t-shirt. In June and July, Anderson took part in several raids that killed Union soldiers, in Westport, Kansas City and Lafayette County, Missouri. [135] After Confederate forces under General Joseph O. Shelby conquered Glasgow, Anderson traveled to the city to loot. [12] In late 1861, Anderson traveled south with Jim and Judge Baker in an apparent attempt to join the Confederate Army. There is a new generation of Westerns, typified by the work of writer/actor/producer Taylor Sheridan in the prequel to his hit show Yellowstone (2018), titled 1883 (2022). [Photo captions, clockwise from top left, read] , . Relatives of William T. Anderson , known as "Bloody Bill". [122] In the aftermath of the massacre, Union soldiers committed several revenge killings of Confederate-sympathizing civilians. Quantrill disliked the idea because the town was fortified, but Anderson and Todd prevailed. Anderson subsequently returned to Missouri as the leader of his own group of raiders and became the most feared guerrilla in the state, robbing and killing a large number of Union soldiers and civilian sympathizers. Reid draws a parallel between the bashi-bazouks of the Ottoman Army and Anderson's guerrillas, arguing that they behaved similarly.[168]. [126] The Union soldier held captive at Centralia was impressed with the control Anderson exercised over his men. Bushwhackers were involved in Price's 1864 Raid, the last official Confederate campaign in Missouri. [127] Although many of them wished to execute this Union hostage, Anderson refused to allow it. arms army asked attack August Baker band began better Bill Anderson Bloody Bill body brother bushwhackers called camp Castel Centralia City Clark close commander Company Confederate. Their duty will be to cut off Federal pickets, scouts, foraging parties and trains and to kill pilots and others on gunboats and transports, attacking them day and night and using the greatest vigor in their movements. The next day, the elder Anderson traveled to the Council Grove courthouse with a gun, intending to force Baker to withdraw the warrant. Smaller bands avoided fights with larger detachments of Union soldiers, preferring to ambush stragglers or loot Union supporters and their property. [41], Arriving in Lawrence on August 21, the guerrillas immediately killed a number of Union Army recruits and one of Anderson's men took their flag.
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